Jupiter is the largest planet in the Solar System, a gas giant whose immense atmosphere is shaped by powerful winds, turbulent cloud bands and gigantic storms. Its most famous feature, the Great Red Spot, is a vast storm system that has persisted for centuries. Through a telescope, Jupiter reveals its distinctive atmospheric bands and is often accompanied by its four largest moons — Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto — first observed by Galileo in 1610. Average distance from the Sun: 778.5 million km Diameter: 139,820 km Orbital period: 11.86 years Major moons: Io, Europa, Ganymede & Callisto